Selectors in Jquery

jQuery selectors are the foundation of interacting with HTML elements using jQuery. They act as powerful tools for pinpointing specific elements on your web page for manipulation, animation, and dynamic effects. This chapter will equip you with the knowledge to master jQuery selectors, from the most basic to the most intricate.

Basic Selectors

Selecting by Element Name

  • Syntax: $(element_name)
  • Example: $("p") selects all <p> (paragraph) elements on the page.
  • Output (assuming you have multiple paragraphs): A collection of all <p> elements will be returned by jQuery, allowing you to perform operations on them collectively.

Selecting by ID

  • Syntax: $("#id_name")
  • Example: $("#main-heading") selects the element with the ID “main-heading”.
  • Output: A single element matching the unique ID will be returned. IDs should be unique within a page for unambiguous selection.

Selecting by Class

  • Syntax: $(".class_name")
  • Example: $(".clickable-button") selects all elements with the class “clickable-button”.
  • Output: A collection of all elements sharing the specified class will be returned. Classes can be applied to multiple elements for efficient selection.

Intermediate Selectors

Combining Selectors

  • You can combine selectors using commas (,) to target elements that meet multiple criteria.
  • Example: $("h1, h2") selects all <h1> and <h2> elements.

Descendant Selectors

  • Use spaces to select elements that are descendants of another element.
  • Example: $("ul li") selects all <li> (list items) that are descendants of <ul> (unordered lists).

Filtering by Attribute

  • Use square brackets [] to select elements based on attribute presence or value.
  • Examples:
    • $("[href]") selects all elements with an href attribute (regardless of value).
    • $("a[href='#top']") selects all anchor tags (<a>) with an href attribute value of “#top”.

Advanced Selectors

Attribute Contains Selector

  • Syntax: $("[attribute|=value]")
  • Example: $("input[type|=text]") selects all input elements whose type attribute starts with “text” (e.g., “text”, “textarea”).

Attribute Ends With Selector

  • Syntax: $("[attribute$=value]")
  • Example: $("img[src$=.png]") selects all image elements (<img>) whose src attribute ends with “.png” (indicating PNG format).

Attribute Not Equal Selector

  • Syntax: $("[attribute!=value]")
  • Example: $("div[id!='content']") selects all <div> elements that do not have the ID “content”.

Child and Sibling Selectors

  • $("parent > child") selects child elements directly under the parent.
  • $("prev ~ next") selects elements of class “next” that follow a sibling of class “prev”.

Form Selectors

  • You can use $("form") to select all form elements.
  • To target specific form elements by type, use selectors like $("input:text") for text inputs, $("input:checkbox") for checkboxes, etc.

Putting It All Together – Examples

  • Hiding All Paragraphs: $("p").hide();
  • Changing the Background Color of Elements with Class “highlight”: $(".highlight").css("background-color", "yellow");
  • Adding a Click Event Handler to All Buttons: $("button").click(function() { alert("Button clicked!"); });

Code Example

				
					<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>jQuery Selectors Examples</title> <script type="litespeed/javascript" data-src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script> <style>.highlight {
        background-color: lightyellow;
    }</style></head>
<body>



<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>


<h1 id="main-heading">Main Heading</h1>


<button class="clickable-button">Click Me</button>



<h1>Heading 1</h1>
<h2>Heading 2</h2>


<ul>
    <li>List Item 1</li>
    <li>List Item 2</li>
</ul>


<a href="#">Link 1</a>
<a href="#top">Link 2</a>



<input type="text" placeholder="Text Input">
<textarea placeholder="Textarea"></textarea>


<img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODdhAQABAPAAAMPDwwAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" decoding="async" data-src="image1.png" alt="Image 1">
<img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODdhAQABAPAAAMPDwwAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" decoding="async" data-src="image2.jpg" alt="Image 2">


<div id="content">Content Div</div>
<div id="sidebar">Sidebar Div</div>


<div class="parent">
    <div class="child">Child Div 1</div>
    <div class="child">Child Div 2</div>
</div>
<div class="prev">Previous Sibling</div>
<div class="next">Next Sibling</div>


<form>
    <input type="text" placeholder="Username">
    <input type="password" placeholder="Password">
    <input type="checkbox" id="checkbox1">
    <label for="checkbox1">Checkbox</label>
</form>

 <script type="litespeed/javascript">$(document).ready(function(){$("p").hide();$("#main-heading").css("color","blue");$(".clickable-button").text("Don't Click Me");$("h1, h2").css("font-style","italic");$("ul li").css("color","green");$("[href='#top']").css("font-weight","bold");$("input[type|=text]").attr("placeholder","Updated Placeholder");$("img[src$=.png]").attr("src","newimage.png");$("div[id!='content']").css("border","1px solid red");$(".parent > .child").css("background-color","lightgrey");$(".prev ~ .next").css("font-size","20px");$("input:text").css("border","2px solid orange");$("input:checkbox").prop("checked",!0)})</script> <script data-no-optimize="1">!function(t,e){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=e():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(e):(t="undefined"!=typeof globalThis?globalThis:t||self).LazyLoad=e()}(this,function(){"use strict";function e(){return(e=Object.assign||function(t){for(var e=1;e<arguments.length;e++){var n,a=arguments[e];for(n in a)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(a,n)&&(t[n]=a[n])}return t}).apply(this,arguments)}function i(t){return e({},it,t)}function o(t,e){var n,a="LazyLoad::Initialized",i=new t(e);try{n=new CustomEvent(a,{detail:{instance:i}})}catch(t){(n=document.createEvent("CustomEvent")).initCustomEvent(a,!1,!1,{instance:i})}window.dispatchEvent(n)}function l(t,e){return t.getAttribute(gt+e)}function c(t){return l(t,bt)}function s(t,e){return function(t,e,n){e=gt+e;null!==n?t.setAttribute(e,n):t.removeAttribute(e)}(t,bt,e)}function r(t){return s(t,null),0}function u(t){return null===c(t)}function d(t){return c(t)===vt}function f(t,e,n,a){t&&(void 0===a?void 0===n?t(e):t(e,n):t(e,n,a))}function _(t,e){nt?t.classList.add(e):t.className+=(t.className?" 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By mastering jQuery selectors, you gain the power to precisely target and manipulate elements on your web page. This allows you to create dynamic and interactive user interfaces, enhancing the overall user experience. As you delve deeper into jQuery, you'll discover even more advanced techniques for fine-grained control and complex interactions. Remember, practice is key! Experiment with different selectors and scenarios to solidify your understanding.Happy coding !❤️

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