GET and POST Requests

In web development, it's often necessary to retrieve or send data to a server without refreshing the page. jQuery provides simple and effective methods for performing these tasks using GET and POST requests. This chapter will cover the basics and advanced usage of GET and POST requests in jQuery, including detailed examples and explanations. By the end of this chapter, you'll have a thorough understanding of how to work with these requests to create dynamic and interactive web applications.

GET Requests

A GET request is used to retrieve data from a server. It appends data to the URL, making it visible in the browser’s address bar. GET requests are generally used for fetching data that doesn’t affect the server’s state.

POST Requests

A POST request is used to send data to a server to create or update resources. Unlike GET requests, POST requests do not append data to the URL, making them more secure for sending sensitive information.

Performing GET Requests

Basic Syntax

The basic syntax for performing a GET request in jQuery is:

				
					$.get(url, [data], [callback], [dataType])
  • url: The URL to send the request to.
  • data (optional): Data to send to the server (in key-value pairs).
  • callback (optional): A function to execute if the request succeeds.
  • dataType (optional): The type of data expected from the server (e.g., “json”, “xml”, “html”).

Example 1: Basic GET Request

Let’s start with a basic example where we fetch data from a server and display it on the web page.

				
					<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>GET Request Example</title> <script type="litespeed/javascript" data-src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script> </head>
<body>
    <button id="load-data">Load Data</button>
    <div id="result"></div> <script type="litespeed/javascript">$(document).ready(function(){$('#load-data').click(function(){$.get('data.txt',function(data){$('#result').text(data)})})})</script> <script data-no-optimize="1">!function(t,e){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=e():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(e):(t="undefined"!=typeof globalThis?globalThis:t||self).LazyLoad=e()}(this,function(){"use strict";function e(){return(e=Object.assign||function(t){for(var e=1;e<arguments.length;e++){var n,a=arguments[e];for(n in a)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(a,n)&&(t[n]=a[n])}return t}).apply(this,arguments)}function i(t){return e({},it,t)}function o(t,e){var n,a="LazyLoad::Initialized",i=new t(e);try{n=new CustomEvent(a,{detail:{instance:i}})}catch(t){(n=document.createEvent("CustomEvent")).initCustomEvent(a,!1,!1,{instance:i})}window.dispatchEvent(n)}function l(t,e){return t.getAttribute(gt+e)}function c(t){return l(t,bt)}function s(t,e){return function(t,e,n){e=gt+e;null!==n?t.setAttribute(e,n):t.removeAttribute(e)}(t,bt,e)}function r(t){return s(t,null),0}function u(t){return null===c(t)}function d(t){return c(t)===vt}function f(t,e,n,a){t&&(void 0===a?void 0===n?t(e):t(e,n):t(e,n,a))}function _(t,e){nt?t.classList.add(e):t.className+=(t.className?" 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</html>

Explanation:

  • When the “Load Data” button is clicked, a GET request is sent to data.txt.
  • The data from data.txt is displayed inside the #result div.

Output:

  • Upon clicking the button, the content of data.txt is displayed in the #result div.

Example 2: GET Request with Parameters

You can also pass parameters with your GET request.

				
					<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>GET Request with Parameters</title> <script type="litespeed/javascript" data-src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script> </head>
<body>
    <button id="load-user">Load User Data</button>
    <div id="user-info"></div> <script type="litespeed/javascript">$(document).ready(function(){$('#load-user').click(function(){$.get('user.php',{id:1},function(data){$('#user-info').text(data)})})})</script> <script data-no-optimize="1">!function(t,e){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=e():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(e):(t="undefined"!=typeof globalThis?globalThis:t||self).LazyLoad=e()}(this,function(){"use strict";function e(){return(e=Object.assign||function(t){for(var e=1;e<arguments.length;e++){var n,a=arguments[e];for(n in a)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(a,n)&&(t[n]=a[n])}return t}).apply(this,arguments)}function i(t){return e({},it,t)}function o(t,e){var n,a="LazyLoad::Initialized",i=new t(e);try{n=new CustomEvent(a,{detail:{instance:i}})}catch(t){(n=document.createEvent("CustomEvent")).initCustomEvent(a,!1,!1,{instance:i})}window.dispatchEvent(n)}function l(t,e){return t.getAttribute(gt+e)}function c(t){return l(t,bt)}function s(t,e){return function(t,e,n){e=gt+e;null!==n?t.setAttribute(e,n):t.removeAttribute(e)}(t,bt,e)}function r(t){return s(t,null),0}function u(t){return null===c(t)}function d(t){return c(t)===vt}function f(t,e,n,a){t&&(void 0===a?void 0===n?t(e):t(e,n):t(e,n,a))}function _(t,e){nt?t.classList.add(e):t.className+=(t.className?" 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</html>

Explanation:

  • When the “Load User Data” button is clicked, a GET request is sent to user.php with the parameter id=1.
  • The server responds with the user data, which is displayed in the #user-info div.

Output:

  • Upon clicking the button, the user data for id=1 is displayed in the #user-info div.

Performing POST Requests

Basic Syntax

The basic syntax for performing a POST request in jQuery is:

				
					$.post(url, [data], [callback], [dataType])
  • url: The URL to send the request to.
  • data (optional): Data to send to the server (in key-value pairs).
  • callback (optional): A function to execute if the request succeeds.
  • dataType (optional): The type of data expected from the server (e.g., “json”, “xml”, “html”).

Example 1: Basic POST Request

Let’s start with a basic example where we send data to the server using a POST request.

				
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<html lang="en">
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        <input type="email" name="email" placeholder="Email">
        <button type="submit">Submit</button>
    </form>
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</html>

Explanation:

  • When the form is submitted, a POST request is sent to submit.php with the form data.
  • The response from submit.php is displayed in the #response div.

Output:

  • Upon form submission, the response from submit.php (e.g., a success message) is displayed in the #response div.

Example 2: POST Request with JSON Data

You can also send JSON data with your POST request.

				
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<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>POST Request with JSON Data</title> <script type="litespeed/javascript" data-src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script> </head>
<body>
    <button id="send-json">Send JSON Data</button>
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</html>

Explanation:

  • When the “Send JSON Data” button is clicked, a POST request is sent to submit-json.php with the JSON data.
  • The server’s JSON response is displayed in the #json-response div.

Output:

  • Upon clicking the button, the JSON response from submit-json.php is displayed in the #json-response div.

Advanced Techniques

Handling Errors

Both GET and POST requests can handle errors using the .fail() method.

				
					<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Handling Errors with GET and POST</title> <script type="litespeed/javascript" data-src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script> </head>
<body>
    <button id="get-data">Get Data</button>
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document.createElement("p"),at=Z&&1<window.devicePixelRatio,it={elements_selector:".lazy",container:tt||Z?document:null,threshold:300,thresholds:null,data_src:"src",data_srcset:"srcset",data_sizes:"sizes",data_bg:"bg",data_bg_hidpi:"bg-hidpi",data_bg_multi:"bg-multi",data_bg_multi_hidpi:"bg-multi-hidpi",data_poster:"poster",class_applied:"applied",class_loading:"litespeed-loading",class_loaded:"litespeed-loaded",class_error:"error",class_entered:"entered",class_exited:"exited",unobserve_completed:!0,unobserve_entered:!1,cancel_on_exit:!0,callback_enter:null,callback_exit:null,callback_applied:null,callback_loading:null,callback_loaded:null,callback_error:null,callback_finish:null,callback_cancel:null,use_native:!1},ot="src",rt="srcset",ct="sizes",lt="poster",st="llOriginalAttrs",ut="loading",dt="loaded",ft="applied",_t="error",vt="native",gt="data-",bt="ll-status",pt=[ut,dt,ft,_t],ht=[ot],mt=[ot,lt],Et=[ot,rt,ct],It={IMG:function(t,e){m(t,function(t){A(t,Et),x(t,e)}),A(t,Et),x(t,e)},IFRAME:function(t,e){A(t,ht),w(t,ot,l(t,e.data_src))},VIDEO:function(t,e){a(t,function(t){A(t,ht),w(t,ot,l(t,e.data_src))}),A(t,mt),w(t,lt,l(t,e.data_poster)),w(t,ot,l(t,e.data_src)),t.load()}},yt=["IMG","IFRAME","VIDEO"],At={IMG:P,IFRAME:function(t){k(t,ht)},VIDEO:function(t){a(t,function(t){k(t,ht)}),k(t,mt),t.load()}},kt=["IMG","IFRAME","VIDEO"];return t.prototype={update:function(t){var e,n,a,i=this._settings,o=X(t,i);{if(h(this,o.length),!tt&&et)return H(i)?(e=i,n=this,o.forEach(function(t){-1!==kt.indexOf(t.tagName)&&F(t,e,n)}),void h(n,0)):(t=this._observer,i=o,t.disconnect(),a=t,void i.forEach(function(t){a.observe(t)}));this.loadAll(o)}},destroy:function(){this._observer&&this._observer.disconnect(),Q(this._settings).forEach(function(t){y(t)}),delete this._observer,delete this._settings,delete this.loadingCount,delete this.toLoadCount},loadAll:function(t){var e=this,n=this._settings;X(t,n).forEach(function(t){b(t,e),V(t,n,e)})},restoreAll:function(){var e=this._settings;Q(e).forEach(function(t){U(t,e)})}},t.load=function(t,e){e=i(e);V(t,e)},t.resetStatus=function(t){r(t)},Z&&function(t,e){if(e)if(e.length)for(var n,a=0;n=e[a];a+=1)o(t,n);else o(t,e)}(t,window.lazyLoadOptions),t});!function(e,t){"use strict";function a(){t.body.classList.add("litespeed_lazyloaded")}function n(){console.log("[LiteSpeed] Start Lazy Load Images"),d=new LazyLoad({elements_selector:"[data-lazyloaded]",callback_finish:a}),o=function(){d.update()},e.MutationObserver&&new MutationObserver(o).observe(t.documentElement,{childList:!0,subtree:!0,attributes:!0})}var d,o;e.addEventListener?e.addEventListener("load",n,!1):e.attachEvent("onload",n)}(window,document);</script><script data-optimized="1" type="litespeed/javascript" data-src="https://diginode.in/wp-content/litespeed/js/96d0e6d4ba93134cbdab615e06eb2824.js?ver=a1a89"></script><script>const litespeed_ui_events=["mouseover","click","keydown","wheel","touchmove","touchstart"];var urlCreator=window.URL||window.webkitURL;function litespeed_load_delayed_js_force(){console.log("[LiteSpeed] Start Load JS Delayed"),litespeed_ui_events.forEach(e=>{window.removeEventListener(e,litespeed_load_delayed_js_force,{passive:!0})}),document.querySelectorAll("iframe[data-litespeed-src]").forEach(e=>{e.setAttribute("src",e.getAttribute("data-litespeed-src"))}),"loading"==document.readyState?window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",litespeed_load_delayed_js):litespeed_load_delayed_js()}litespeed_ui_events.forEach(e=>{window.addEventListener(e,litespeed_load_delayed_js_force,{passive:!0})});async function litespeed_load_delayed_js(){let t=[];for(var d in document.querySelectorAll('script[type="litespeed/javascript"]').forEach(e=>{t.push(e)}),t)await new Promise(e=>litespeed_load_one(t[d],e));document.dispatchEvent(new Event("DOMContentLiteSpeedLoaded")),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("DOMContentLiteSpeedLoaded"))}function litespeed_load_one(t,e){console.log("[LiteSpeed] Load ",t);var d=document.createElement("script");d.addEventListener("load",e),d.addEventListener("error",e),t.getAttributeNames().forEach(e=>{"type"!=e&&d.setAttribute("data-src"==e?"src":e,t.getAttribute(e))});let a=!(d.type="text/javascript");!d.src&&t.textContent&&(d.src=litespeed_inline2src(t.textContent),a=!0),t.after(d),t.remove(),a&&e()}function litespeed_inline2src(t){try{var d=urlCreator.createObjectURL(new Blob([t.replace(/^(?:<!--)?(.*?)(?:-->)?$/gm,"$1")],{type:"text/javascript"}))}catch(e){d="data:text/javascript;base64,"+btoa(t.replace(/^(?:<!--)?(.*?)(?:-->)?$/gm,"$1"))}return d}</script></body>
</html>

Explanation:

  • The .done() method handles successful requests.
  • The .fail() method handles errors, displaying an error message in the #result div.

Output:

  • Upon clicking either button, an error message (e.g., “Error: 404 Not Found”) is displayed in the #result div if the request fails.

Using the $.ajax Method

The $.ajax method provides more control over AJAX requests.

				
					<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Using $.ajax Method</title> <script type="litespeed/javascript" data-src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script> </head>
<body>
    <button id="ajax-request">Send AJAX Request</button>
    <div id="ajax-response"></div> <script type="litespeed/javascript">$(document).ready(function(){$('#ajax-request').click(function(){$.ajax({url:'submit.php',type:'POST',data:{name:'Jane Doe',email:'jane.doe@example.com'},success:function(data){$('#ajax-response').text(data)},error:function(xhr,status,error){$('#ajax-response').text('Error: '+xhr.status+' '+error)}})})})</script> <script data-no-optimize="1">!function(t,e){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=e():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(e):(t="undefined"!=typeof globalThis?globalThis:t||self).LazyLoad=e()}(this,function(){"use strict";function e(){return(e=Object.assign||function(t){for(var e=1;e<arguments.length;e++){var n,a=arguments[e];for(n in a)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(a,n)&&(t[n]=a[n])}return t}).apply(this,arguments)}function i(t){return e({},it,t)}function o(t,e){var n,a="LazyLoad::Initialized",i=new t(e);try{n=new CustomEvent(a,{detail:{instance:i}})}catch(t){(n=document.createEvent("CustomEvent")).initCustomEvent(a,!1,!1,{instance:i})}window.dispatchEvent(n)}function l(t,e){return t.getAttribute(gt+e)}function c(t){return l(t,bt)}function s(t,e){return function(t,e,n){e=gt+e;null!==n?t.setAttribute(e,n):t.removeAttribute(e)}(t,bt,e)}function r(t){return s(t,null),0}function u(t){return null===c(t)}function d(t){return c(t)===vt}function f(t,e,n,a){t&&(void 0===a?void 0===n?t(e):t(e,n):t(e,n,a))}function _(t,e){nt?t.classList.add(e):t.className+=(t.className?" 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Delayed"),litespeed_ui_events.forEach(e=>{window.removeEventListener(e,litespeed_load_delayed_js_force,{passive:!0})}),document.querySelectorAll("iframe[data-litespeed-src]").forEach(e=>{e.setAttribute("src",e.getAttribute("data-litespeed-src"))}),"loading"==document.readyState?window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",litespeed_load_delayed_js):litespeed_load_delayed_js()}litespeed_ui_events.forEach(e=>{window.addEventListener(e,litespeed_load_delayed_js_force,{passive:!0})});async function litespeed_load_delayed_js(){let t=[];for(var d in document.querySelectorAll('script[type="litespeed/javascript"]').forEach(e=>{t.push(e)}),t)await new Promise(e=>litespeed_load_one(t[d],e));document.dispatchEvent(new Event("DOMContentLiteSpeedLoaded")),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("DOMContentLiteSpeedLoaded"))}function litespeed_load_one(t,e){console.log("[LiteSpeed] Load ",t);var d=document.createElement("script");d.addEventListener("load",e),d.addEventListener("error",e),t.getAttributeNames().forEach(e=>{"type"!=e&&d.setAttribute("data-src"==e?"src":e,t.getAttribute(e))});let a=!(d.type="text/javascript");!d.src&&t.textContent&&(d.src=litespeed_inline2src(t.textContent),a=!0),t.after(d),t.remove(),a&&e()}function litespeed_inline2src(t){try{var d=urlCreator.createObjectURL(new Blob([t.replace(/^(?:<!--)?(.*?)(?:-->)?$/gm,"$1")],{type:"text/javascript"}))}catch(e){d="data:text/javascript;base64,"+btoa(t.replace(/^(?:<!--)?(.*?)(?:-->)?$/gm,"$1"))}return d}</script></body>
</html>

Explanation:

  • The $.ajax method is used to send a POST request to submit.php.
  • The success callback handles successful requests.
  • The error callback handles errors.

Output:

  • Upon clicking the button, the response from submit.php or an error message is displayed in the #ajax-response div.

Performing GET and POST requests with jQuery simplifies the process of communicating with servers asynchronously. By understanding the basics and advanced techniques covered in this chapter, you can effectively use jQuery to create dynamic and interactive web applications. From basic data retrieval and submission to handling errors and using the versatile $.ajax method, jQuery provides robust tools to enhance your web development workflow.Happy coding !❤️

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